Multifunctional electrolyte additive for high power lithium metal batteries at ultra-low temperatures

Abstract Ultra-low-temperature lithium metal batteries face significant challenges, including sluggish ion transport and uncontrolled lithium dendrite formation, particularly at high power. An ideal electrolyte requires high carrier ion concentration, low viscosity, rapid de-solvation, and stable interfaces, but balancing these attributes remains a formidable task. Here, we design and synthesize a multifunctional additive, perfluoroalkylsulfonyl quaternary ammonium nitrate (PQA-NO 3 ), which features both cationic (PQA + ) and anionic (NO 3 − ) components. PQA + reacts in situ with lithium metal to form an inorganic-rich solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) that enhances Li + transport through the SEI film. NO 3…

• NS
  National Science Foundation
• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China

  Award: 22071133
• CP
  China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
• TU
  Tsinghua University

  Award: 224247
• CP
  China Petrochemical Corporation

  Award: 224247
• NS
  Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province
• NK
  National Key Research and Development Program of China

  Award: 2023YFB2503700
• BS
  Beijing Science and Technology Planning Project