Redefining closed pores in carbons by solvation structures for enhanced sodium storage

Molecular probes, namely smaller than 0.35 nm, solvent shells are mostly sieved and dominated anion aggregates produce a thin and inorganic NaF-rich solid electrolyte interphase inside pores. Closed pores are accordingly redefined, and initial coulombic efficiency, cycling and low-temperature performance are largely improved. Furthermore, we show that intrinsic defects inside the redefined closed pores are effectively shielded from the interfacial passivation and contribute to the increased low-potential plateau capacity.

• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China

  Awards: 52202278, U23B2077, 22379109