Nano drug delivery systems for advanced immune checkpoint blockade therapy

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been widely utilized in the first-line therapy of various types of cancer. However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and resistance to ICIs remain intractable challenges for immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy during clinic treatment. Nano drug delivery systems (NDDSs) have shown promising potential to improve anticancer efficacy and reduce side effects of small molecular drugs. The combination of nanotechnology and ICB provides new opportunities to overcome the challenges of immunotherapy. Nanoplatforms have been employed for direct delivery of ICIs, and they are preferred vehicles for combination therapy of ICIs and other therapeutic agents. In this review,…

• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China

  Awards: 2022YFC2009900, 32271445
• CP
  China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
• DO
  Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province

  Awards: 2024NSFJQ0050, 20233ZYD0167
• SU
  Sichuan University

  Award: ZYGD23026
• NK
  National Key Research and Development Program of China

  Awards: 2023YFB3810004, 2023ZD0502300, 2022YFC2009900
• WC
  West China Hospital, Sichuan University

  Award: ZYGD23026