Artificial intelligence entering the pathology arena in oncology: current applications and future perspectives

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming the fields of pathology and oncology, offering novel opportunities for advancing diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer.

Through a systematic review-based approach, the representatives from the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Precision Oncology Working Group (POWG) and international experts identified studies in pathology and oncology that applied AI-based algorithms for tumour diagnosis, molecular biomarker detection, and cancer prognosis assessment. These findings were synthesised to provide a comprehensive overview of current AI applications and future directions in cancer pathology.