Octree-GS: Towards Consistent Real-time Rendering with LOD-Structured 3D Gaussians

The recently proposed 3D Gaussian Splatting (3D-GS) demonstrates superior rendering fidelity and efficiency compared to NeRF-based scene representations. However, it struggles in large-scale scenes due to the high number of Gaussian primitives, particularly in zoomed-out views, where all primitives are rendered regardless of their projected size. This often results in inefficient use of model capacity and difficulty capturing details at varying scales. To address this, we introduce Octree-GS, a Level-of-Detail (LOD) structured approach that dynamically selects appropriate levels from a set of multi-scale Gaussian primitives, ensuring consistent rendering performance. To adapt the design of LOD, we employ an…