articleEnergiesMay 19, 2025GOLD OA

Comprehensive Review of Hybrid Energy Systems: Challenges, Applications, and Optimization Strategies

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université de Lille · +4 more institutions

Indexed incrossrefdoaj

Abstract

This paper provides a comprehensive review of hybrid energy systems (HESs), focusing on their challenges, optimization techniques, and control strategies to enhance performance, reliability, and sustainability across various applications, such as microgrids (MGs), commercial buildings, healthcare facilities, and cruise ships. The integration of renewable energy sources (RESs), including solar photovoltaics (PVs), with enabling technologies such as fuel cells (FCs), batteries (BTs), and energy storage systems (ESSs) plays a critical role in improving energy management, reducing emissions, and increasing economic viability. This review highlights advancements in multi-objective optimization techniques, real-time…

No related works found for this paper.

Funding