reviewAmerican Journal of OphthalmologyMay 30, 2025HYBRID OA

TFOS DEWS III: Diagnostic Methodology

JSJames S. WolffsohnJMJosé M. Benítez-Del-CastilloDLDenise Loya-GarcíaTITakenori InomataGIGeetha Iyer

Aston University · Hospital Clínico San Carlos · +24 more institutions

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Abstract

A standard approach to the diagnosis of dry eye disease across eye care practitioners is critical to reassuring the patient, providing consistency between practitioners and informing governments as to the true prevalence and resulting healthcare needs. The Tear Film & Ocular Surface Society (TFOS) Dry Eye Workshop (DEWS) III has reviewed the evidence-base since their previous reports published in 2017 and revised the definition to "Dry eye is a multifactorial, symptomatic disease characterized by a loss of homeostasis of the tear film and/or ocular surface, in which tear film instability and hyperosmolarity, ocular surface inflammation and damage, and neurosensory abnormalities are etiological factors." Key…

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117
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177.20
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100%
References
722
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Authors

18

Topics & keywords

Keywords
  • Medicine
  • Computer science
  • Optometry
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