Electrochemical Energy Storage toward Extreme Conditions: Driving Human Exploration beyond Current Boundaries

Major projects reliant on electric energy support, such as manned spaceflight, ocean exploration, and polar development, will encounter extreme environmental challenges. The most representative scenarios, including deep space, deep sea, deep earth, and polar regions, will be systematically discussed in this review. The interaction of multiple environmental factors under complex working conditions leads to multifaceted failures that significantly compromise the performance of electrochemical energy storage systems (EESSs). Specifically, this review examines EESSs operating under extreme conditions, including extreme temperatures, extreme pressures, electromagnetic radiations and so on. It addresses key…

• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China

  Awards: 52302213, U2130204
• CP
  China Postdoctoral Science Foundation

  Awards: BX20230467, 2022M720016
• NS
  Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province

  Award: ZR2023QE068
• NK
  National Key Research and Development Program of China

  Award: 2022YFB2502102