The Nasal–Brain Drug Delivery Route: Mechanisms and Applications to Central Nervous System Diseases

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective and protective barrier that restricts the entry of most therapeutic agents into the central nervous system (CNS), posing a significant challenge for the treatment of CNS diseases. The nose-to-brain drug delivery (NBDD) route has emerged as a promising strategy to bypass the BBB, offering direct, noninvasive, and efficient transport of drugs to the brain. This review begins with a concise overview of the BBB structure and its biofunctions, followed by an in-depth discussion of the mechanisms underlying the nose-to-brain pathway, including the olfactory and trigeminal nerve routes, and respiratory pathway. We further highlight the therapeutic research…

• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China

  Award: 82260771
• CU
  Chengdu University

  Award: 2081921001