Large Language Models in Healthcare and Medical Applications: A Review

This paper provides a systematic and in-depth examination of large language models (LLMs) in the healthcare domain, addressing their significant potential to transform medical practice through advanced natural language processing capabilities. Current implementations demonstrate LLMs' promising applications across clinical decision support, medical education, diagnostics, and patient care, while highlighting critical challenges in privacy, ethical deployment, and factual accuracy that require resolution for responsible integration into healthcare systems. This paper provides a comprehensive understanding of the background of healthcare LLMs, the evolution and architectural foundation, and the multimodal…