Therapeutic horizons in metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), the progressive inflammatory form of MASLD, is now a leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Driven by obesity and type 2 diabetes, MASH significantly increases the risk of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver failure. While public health interventions remain essential, therapeutic strategies targeting metabolic dysfunction, inflammation, and fibrosis are urgently needed. This Review focuses on pharmacological treatments in advanced development, including incretin-based therapies (GLP-1, dual, and triple agonists), metabolic modulators (PPAR, FGF21, and THR-β agonists), and novel agents such as fatty acid synthase inhibitors. Current…