reviewNature CommunicationsJul 24, 2025GOLD OA

Nanozymes expanding the boundaries of biocatalysis

Chinese Academy of Sciences · Institute of Biophysics · +1 more institution

PubMed
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Abstract

Biocatalysis is fundamental to biological processes and sustainable applications. Over time, the understanding of biocatalysis has evolved considerably. Initially, protein enzymes were recognized as the primary biocatalysts due to their high catalytic efficiency under mild conditions. The discovery of ribozymes expanded the scope of biocatalysts to include nucleic acids and the development of synthetic or semisynthetic artificial enzymes sought to overcome the limitations of natural enzymes. The emergence of nanozymes, nanomaterials with intrinsic biocatalytic activity, has further broadened this field. Nanozymes possess abundant active sites, multiple active phases, and nanostructures that maintain stability…

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