GW250114: Testing Hawking’s Area Law and the Kerr Nature of Black Holes
Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics · University of Salerno · +321 more institutions
Abstract
The gravitational-wave signal GW250114 was observed by the two LIGO detectors with a network matched-filter signal-to-noise ratio of 80. The signal was emitted by the coalescence of two black holes with near-equal masses m_{1}=33.6_{-0.8}^{+1.2}M_{⊙} and m_{2}=32.2_{-1.3}^{+0.8}M_{⊙}, and small spins χ_{1,2}≤0.26 (90% credibility) and negligible eccentricity e≤0.03. Postmerger data excluding the peak region are consistent with the dominant quadrupolar (ℓ=|m|=2) mode of a Kerr black hole and its first overtone. We constrain the modes' frequencies to ±30% of the Kerr spectrum, providing a test of the remnant's Kerr nature. We also examine Hawking's area law, also known as the second law of black hole mechanics,…
Citation impact
- FWCI
- 51.43
- Percentile
- 100%
- References
- 248
Authors
1781- AAAdrian AbacCorresponding
Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics
- IAI. Abouelfettouh
- FAF. Acernese
University of Salerno, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli
- KAK. Ackley
University of Warwick
- CAChristian Adamcewicz
Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery, Monash University
Topics & keywords
- Black hole (networking)
- Spins
- Rotating black hole
- Binary black hole
- Spin-flip
- LIGO
- Coalescence (physics)
- Detector
Funding
- NSNational Science and Technology Council
- NSNational Science Foundation
- UDU.S. Department of Energy
- SFSimons Foundation
- KFKavli Foundation
- RCResearch Corporation for Science Advancement
- MDMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y UniversidadesAwards: PRTR-C17.I1, PRTR-C17
- CDCentres de Recerca de Catalunya
- IDInstitut des Origines de Lyon
- VIVanguard International Semiconductor
- CFCanada Foundation for Innovation
- LTLeverhulme TrustAward: PRTR-C17.I1
- RSRoyal Society
- SFScottish Funding Council
- SUScottish Universities Physics Alliance
- ECEuropean CommissionAwards: PRTR-C17.I1, C17.I1, PRTR-C17
- NRNational Research Foundation
- DODepartment of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India
- COCouncil of Scientific and Industrial Research, India
- ASAbdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics
- MOMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and TechnologyAwards: 24103006, JP17H06364, 26000005, 24103005
- SNSchweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
- USUnited States-Israel Binational Science Foundation
- NNNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaAwards: 17H06133, JP17H06358, JP17H06364, 26000005, JP17H06361
- ASAcademia Sinica
- FNFundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej
- FDFonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS
- GDGeneralitat de CatalunyaAwards: PRTR-C17.I1, PRTR-C17
- RGResearch Grants Council, University Grants Committee
- FWFonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- NONederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekAward: PRTR-C17.I1
- GVGeneralitat ValencianaAwards: PRTR-C17, PRTR-C17.I1
- MDMinistério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação
- HSHungarian Scientific Research Fund
- KIKorea Institute of Science and Technology Information
- KAKorea Astronomy and Space Science Institute
- NRNational Research Foundation of Korea
- ISIsrael Science Foundation
- CRConseil Régional, Île-de-France
- MMax-Planck-Gesellschaft
- NCNarodowe Centrum Nauki
- MOMinistry of Education, India
- MEMinisterstwo Edukacji i Nauki
- CNCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique
- NANational Astronomical Observatory of Japan
- HEHigh Energy Accelerator Research Organization
- RSRussian Science Foundation
- NKNemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal
- VRVlaamse regering
- INIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
- MOMinistry of Science and ICT, South Korea
- ISICTP South American Institute for Fundamental Research
- NANarodowa Agencja Wymiany Akademickiej
- NSNational Science and Technology Council
- NSNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- SAScience and Technology Facilities CouncilAward: 24103006
- ARAustralian Research Council
- JSJapan Society for the Promotion of ScienceAwards: 24103006, 2402: 24103006, JP17H06364, 24103005, 20A203, JP17H06358, 20A203: JP20H05854, 2905: JP17H06358, 26000005, 111403, 17H06133, JP20H05854, JP17H06361, 20H05639
- SAScience and Engineering Research Board
- INInstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
- EREuropean Regional Development FundAwards: PRTR-C17, PRTR-C17.I1
- AEAgencia Estatal de InvestigaciónAward: PRTR-C17.I1
- IFInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo
- CDConselleria de Innovación, Universidades, Ciencia y Sociedad Digital, Generalitat Valenciana
- NRNational Research, Development and Innovation Office
- GSGreat Southern Development Commission, Government of Western Australia
- DODivision of Human Resource Development
- ESEuropean Social Fund
- NNextGenerationEUAward: PRTR-C17.I1