reviewSignal Transduction and Targeted TherapyOct 14, 2025GOLD OA

Regulatory T cells in homeostasis and disease: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential

Wuchang University of Technology · Wuhan University of Science and Technology · +9 more institutions

PubMed
Indexed incrossrefdoajpubmed

Abstract

Regulatory T cells (Treg cells or Tregs), a subset of CD4⁺ T cells with immunosuppressive properties, are essential for immune homeostasis and self-tolerance. Characterized by their immunosuppressive capabilities and reliance on the transcription factor Foxp3 (Forkhead box protein P3), Tregs employ multiple mechanisms, including cytokine secretion, metabolic control, and cell contact inhibition, to restrain excessive immune activation to prevent autoimmunity while maintaining tissue repair processes. However, dysregulation in their frequency or function-whether deficiency or hyperactivity-is implicated in diverse pathologies, spanning autoimmune disorders, cancer progression, transplant rejection, and emerging…

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64
total citations
FWCI
38.51
Percentile
100%
References
551
Citations per year

Authors

9

Topics & keywords

Keywords
  • FOXP3
  • Autoimmunity
  • Immune system
  • Immunotherapy
  • Cancer immunotherapy
  • Homeostasis
  • Regulatory T cell
  • Transplant rejection
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