A Comprehensive Review of Real-Time Feeder Monitoring and Auditing Systems: Architectures, Technologies, and Analytics for the Smart Grid

Abstract: The modernization of power distribution networks into intelligent Smart Grids necessitates a paradigm shift from periodic, manual inspections to continuous, real-time feeder monitoring and auditing. Traditional systems, reliant on legacy SCADA and manual meter reading, are plagued by high Aggregate Technical and Commercial (AT&C) losses, prolonged outage durations, and a lack of granular visibility into feeder health. This review paper comprehensively synthesizes the architecture, technologies, and methodologies underpinning modern Real-Time Feeder Power Line Monitoring and Auditing Systems. We explore the integrated ecosystem of advanced sensing devices, including Smart Meters, Feeder Remote…