The Theory of Temporal Groups

This work presents a mathematical framework unifying topology, group theory, and cosmology through a single generative formula: Dₙ = (n+1)!/2 = |Aₙ₊₁|, where n ∈ {0, 1, …, 11} where |Aₙ₊₁| denotes the order of the alternating group. The hierarchy is bounded by dodecahedral topology (F = 12 faces), yielding n_max = F − χ + 1 = 11. Key results: Universe age: D₄ × D₁₁ = 14.37 Gyr (consistent with JWST 2024 early galaxy observations requiring T > 14 Gyr) Galactic year: D₁₁ = 239.5 Myr (within Gaia DR3 estimates) Observer seed D₀ = ½ corresponds to Wheeler–DeWitt parameter |p| = 2 for spontaneous creation from nothing Chiral selection (division by 2) explains cosmic birefringence detected at >3σ (Minami & Komatsu…