articleLight Science & ApplicationsJan 1, 2026GOLD OA

Full-parameter-modulated three-dimensional vectorial generalized vortex array

Beijing Institute of Technology · University of Shanghai for Science and Technology · +6 more institutions

PubMed
Indexed incrossrefdoajpubmed

Abstract

Orbital angular momentum, as an important spatial degree of freedom of light, has prompted various promising applications. The recently proposed generalized vortex beams may further enhance the flexibility by utilizing customer-defined angular phase gradients, enabling intuitive graphic representation of mathematical operations and other interesting functionalities. Here, based on Dammann optimization, we propose and demonstrate a three-dimensional generalized vortex beam array using a single-layer metasurface, with all-parameter modulation including polarization, phase, angular momentum, and stereoscopic space. Furthermore, simultaneous vectorial modulation within each order can be endowed through joint…

Citation impact

5
total citations
FWCI
73.77
Percentile
100%
References
43
Too recent for citation history.

Authors

12

Topics & keywords

Keywords
  • Vortex
  • Optical vortex
  • Spatial light modulator
  • Polarization (electrochemistry)
  • Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)
  • Modulation (music)
  • Flexibility (engineering)
  • Light beam
UN Sustainable Development Goals
  • Peace, Justice and strong institutions
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