articleMicrosystems & NanoengineeringJan 1, 2026GOLD OA

RBFNN-Based PPy/GaN sensor array with wide dynamic range and sub-ppb detection for accurate ammonia identification in human exhaled breath

Taiyuan University of Technology · Chinese PLA General Hospital · +3 more institutions

PubMed
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Abstract

Detecting ammonia (NH3) in human breath is vitally important for early warning and disease detection. Polymer composite nanomaterials, which serve as high-performance NH3 gas sensors, have become a prominent research focus in this field. In this study, polypyrrole (PPy) and various gallium nitride (GaN) nanostructures were selected for synthesis. PPy/GaN gas sensors were successfully fabricated by employing the precisely controllable metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) process in conjunction with in situ oxidative polymerization methods. The gas sensing performance of the sensors was systematically analyzed. The PPy/GaN-1 sensor demonstrated an ultra-wide detection range for NH3 (100 ppb–1000 ppm)…

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