Thiazole–driven heterocyclic hybrids as EGFR inhibitors: progress in synthesis and anticancer applications

Despite considerable progress in therapeutic developments, cancer still stands as one of the most common and lethal health challenges worldwide. Targeting the EGFR signaling pathway has emerged as a key approach in cancer therapy. Inhibiting the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain of EGFR has demonstrated significant therapeutic benefits. To discover effective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), numerous small molecules, particularly thiazole-based hybrids have been developed using molecular modelling techniques. However, challenges such as epigenetic mutations and acquired resistance have limited their long-term efficacy, highlighting the need for continued research in this area. Recent efforts have…