articleEnvironmental Science & TechnologyJan 2, 2026Closed access

Photoaging-Driven Transformation of Tire Wear Particles: Unraveling the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Persistent Free Radicals and Their Phytotoxic Impact

WXWenhao XiaZGZexuan GengZMZhanhang MengZLZhiao LiFLFei Lian

Hebei University of Technology · Environmental Energy & Engineering

PubMed
Indexed incrossrefpubmed

Abstract

Tire wear particles (TWPs) undergo intricate weathering that significantly influences their environmental behavior. However, the spatiotemporal evolution of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) and their associated phytotoxicity remain poorly understood. This study addresses these knowledge gaps through a 60-day lettuce cultivation experiment conducted in soils amended with both pristine and photoaged TWPs of different particle sizes. Our results reveal a photoaging-dependent response in EPFR concentrations, peaking at moderate exposure (equivalent to 280 days of sunlight) before declining with extended aging (equivalent to 605 days of sunlight). Comparatively, stable EPFRs demonstrate higher…

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5
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71.51
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100%
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6

Topics & keywords

Keywords
  • Phytotoxicity
  • Quenching (fluorescence)
  • Radical
  • Reactive oxygen species
  • Particle (ecology)
  • Aeration
  • Persistence (discontinuity)
  • Soil water
UN Sustainable Development Goals
  • Life in Land
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