Evolution of paleo‐duplicated chromosome pairs with enrichment of NBS ‐LRR genes generated through ρ‐ WGD in Poaceae

In Poaceae, the rho whole-genome duplication (ρ-WGD) event gave rise to three Paleo-duplicated chromosome pairs (PdCPs) that are enriched in resistance genes (nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) genes) but show low transcriptional levels. Despite their evolutionary importance, systematic family-wide studies of PdCPs have been lacking. We analyzed 37 Poaceae genomes using karyotyping and evolutionary analyses, mapped NBS-LRR genes distributions, and examined transcriptomic and epigenomic patterns across representative species to characterize the evolution and regulation of PdCPs. Our findings show that PdCPs have persisted throughout the evolutionary history of Poaceae, exhibiting distinct…

• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China

  Awards: 32272196, U24A20387, 32201794
• NK
  National Key Research and Development Program of China

  Award: 2024YFF1000800