articleACS Energy LettersJan 5, 2026Closed access

High-Entropy Electrolyte for Scalable Zinc–Iodine Flow Batteries

State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering · Beijing University of Chemical Technology · +2 more institutions

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Abstract

Zinc metal anodes offer high capacity and intrinsic safety for aqueous batteries but are limited by sluggish interfacial desolvation and dendrite-induced instability under high utilization. Here, we design a high-entropy aqueous electrolyte by introducing multiple water-affine, low-molecular-weight alcohols at a fixed additive content, enabling solvent diversity to be tuned independently of concentration. Temperature-dependent transport analysis and electrochemical characterizations reveal entropy-assisted Zn2+ desolvation with a reduced activation barrier and a cleaner electrode–electrolyte interface, as evidenced by minimal solvent retention during deposition. This entropy-enabled interfacial regulation…

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