articleCancer ResearchJan 5, 2026GREEN OA

Optimizing In Vivo CAR T-cell Engineering for Cancer Immunotherapy

City Of Hope National Medical Center · City of Hope · +2 more institutions

PubMed
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Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy enables potent, antigen-specific immune responses and has demonstrated success in treating hematologic malignancies. However, conventional ex vivo CAR T manufacturing remains costly, individualized, and logistically complex, posing significant barriers to accessibility and scalability. In vivo CAR T-cell engineering offers a transformative alternative by reprogramming endogenous T cells within the patient, bypassing the need for cell harvesting and expansion. This review focuses on current in vivo CAR T delivery strategies, including viral vectors (such as lentiviruses, γ-retroviruses, adeno-associated viruses, and viral-like particles) and nonviral systems (such…

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5
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60.64
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100%
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Authors

4

Topics & keywords

Keywords
  • Chimeric antigen receptor
  • Immunogenicity
  • In vivo
  • Immunotherapy
  • Cancer immunotherapy
  • Ex vivo
  • Immune system
  • Cell therapy
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