Clinical testing of drug treatment shortening in patients with TB using PET/CT imaging of lung lesions

Six months of drug treatment is standard of care for drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Understanding the factors determining the length of treatment required for durable cure would allow individualization of treatment durations. We conducted a prospective, randomized, controlled noninferiority trial (PredictTB) of 4 versus 6 months of chemotherapy in patients with pulmonary TB in South Africa and China. Seven hundred and four participants with newly diagnosed, drug-sensitive TB were enrolled and stratified on the basis of radiographic disease characteristics assessed by FDG PET/CT imaging. Participants with less extensive disease ( n = 273) were randomly assigned at week 16 to complete therapy after…

• FF
  Foundation for the National Institutes of Health
• BA
  Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
• DO
  Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

  Award: AI001214
• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China

  Award: 81661128043
• MO
  Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China

  Award: 2014DFA30340
• EA
  European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership

  Award: SRIA2015-1065