Lattice Structures for Bone Replacement: The Intersection of Bone Biomechanics, Lattice Design, and Additive Manufacturing

ABSTRACT Additive manufacturing (AM) has enabled the development of highly porous orthopedic implants by incorporating lattice structures that mimic the micro‐architecture of natural bone. Lattices can be tuned to replicate bone's mechanical properties, creating implants that preserve the bone environment and allow bone formation within lattice pores. This review examines the intersection of bone biology, lattice design, and AM technologies to guide the development of such biomimetic structures. The hierarchical structure, mechanical properties, anisotropy, and heterogeneity of bone are identified as critical factors influencing bone remodeling, which is regulated by mechanical stimuli and can inform lattice…