Nitric Oxide Signaling in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathology: Mechanisms, Dysregulation, and Therapeutic Frontiers

Nitric oxide (NO), a fundamental gaseous signaling molecule, is indispensable for cardiovascular homeostasis. This review synthesizes the expansive field of NO biology within the unifying framework of Nitric Oxide Equilibrium (NOE), i.e., the critical balance between its synthesis, bioavailability, and degradation. In a physiological state, NOE maintains vascular health by regulating blood pressure, preventing thrombosis, suppressing inflammation, and optimizing both cardiac and mitochondrial function. Here, we analyze how NOE disruption, primarily through oxidative stress and enzymatic dysfunction, underlies the pathogenesis of major cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, heart failure,…

• DD
  Dipartimenti di Eccellenza

  Award: 2023-2027
• UD
  Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale