Probiotic extracellular vesicles reprogram macrophage immunometabolism: From gut crosstalk to host health

Probiotic-derived extracellular vesicles (PEVs) are functional nanovesicles secreted by various microbiota. As a novel class of microbial signals, they encapsulate proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and microbial-associated molecular patterns, emerging as potent modulators of communication between gut microbiota and host immune cells, such as macrophages. Macrophages, as a crucial component of the innate immune system, rely heavily on specific metabolic reprogramming to execute their immune functions effectively. Recent evidence demonstrates the pivotal role of macrophage immunometabolism in orchestrating inflammatory responses and regulating systemic metabolic health. This review provides the first…

• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China

  Award: 32102564
• NS
  Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province

  Award: ZR2024MC130