Unlocking the power of extracellular vesicles: multi-omics integration for cancer biomarker discovery

The search for reliable cancer biomarkers is increasingly driven by the need for non-invasive tools that can monitor tumor dynamics in real time. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous family of nanoparticles secreted by almost all cell types under physiological and pathological conditions. By carrying proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and metabolites that reflect the molecular state of their cells of origin, EVs act as dynamic messengers of tumor biology. Their stability and abundance in easily accessible body fluids make them ideal candidates for liquid biopsy, offering a unique opportunity to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer initiation, progression and therapy resistance.…