The Missing Layer: The Hidden Risk in Modern Autonomous Systems

Broader work (full dissertation / SAB 2026):Authority, Refusal, and Resilience in Autonomous Systems — DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18431599 • Record + PDF: https://zenodo.org/records/18431599 The Missing Layer is a conceptual and architectural essay examining a critical omission in modern autonomous and AI-driven systems: the absence of an explicit execution authority boundary. The work distinguishes execution authority from control, optimization, and intelligence, arguing that many system failures arise not from incorrect behavior, but from action taken under invalid or degraded legitimacy. The paper introduces the concept of permission-aware autonomy, in which systems are required to continuously reassess whether…