In situ engineering of pyrrolic-N-dominated solid electrolyte interphases for stable zinc metal anodes

Metallic zinc anodes are promising candidates for aqueous batteries due to their high abundance, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, challenges such as dendrite formation, hydrogen evolution side reactions, and irreversible corrosion hinder their practical application. In this study, we propose a pyrrolic nitrogen-enriched solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer to overcome these limitations and achieve a stable, dendrite-free zinc anode. By leveraging molecular functionalization, pyrrolic nitrogen facilitates uniform zinc deposition, suppresses unfavorable side reactions, and enhances the overall anode stability. Systematic experimental validation reveals that the engineered SEI achieves…