articleEnergy & Environmental ScienceJan 1, 2026Closed access

Ligand-field regulation enables high energy-efficiency cathodes for aqueous zinc-ion batteries

QZQuan ZongXLXuelian LiuKCKeyi ChenQZQi-Long Zhang袁袁华堂

Zhejiang Medicine (China) · China Jiliang University · +3 more institutions

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Abstract

Pre-intercalated ions and octahedral defects alter the ligand field, leading to the elongation of V–O bonds and distortion on [VO 6 ] octahedra, thereby lowering the 3d orbital energy level and stabilizing the energy efficiency.

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Topics & keywords

Topics
Keywords
  • Aqueous solution
  • Cathode
  • Octahedron
  • Ion
  • Elongation
  • Distortion (music)
UN Sustainable Development Goals
  • Affordable and clean energy
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