Recent Advances in Metal‐Organic Framework‐Integrated Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Sensors and Sensing Systems

ABSTRACT Metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are versatile crystalline porous materials with large surface areas, tunable pore architectures, and modular chemical functionalities, enabling diverse applications in materials science and engineering. Hydrogels, with their softness, high water content, biocompatibility, and responsiveness to external stimuli, have been widely explored as smart platforms for flexible electronics and sensing technologies. Integrating MOFs into hydrogel networks synergistically combines the advantages of both material classes, yielding multifunctional composites with enhanced structural and functional properties. MOF–hydrogel composites overcome the limitations of each component,…