Investigating the Interplay of Chinese English as Foreign Language Learners' Growth Mindset, Enjoyment, Adaptability, and Engagement in AI ‐Mediated Informal Digital Learning of English

ABSTRACT Background The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) has reshaped English as Foreign Language (EFL) instruction, offering new opportunities for language learning. While much of the existing research focuses on AI integration in classroom settings, limited research has explored EFL learners' autonomous engagement with AI beyond the classroom. Objectives This study aims to address this gap by examining the relationships between EFL students' engagement in AI‐mediated informal digital learning of English (AI‐IDLE), growth mindset, foreign language enjoyment (FLE), and adaptability, while also exploring the factors that influence long‐term AI‐IDLE engagement. Methods Employing an explanatory sequential…