Neuro‐Immune Crosstalk: Molecular Mechanisms, Biological Functions, Diseases, and Therapeutic Targets

The advent of neuroimmunology has dismantled the traditional doctrine of the brain's immune privilege, uncovering a sophisticated and dynamic bidirectional regulatory interplay between the nervous and immune systems. This review synthesizes pivotal advances in neuroimmunology, integrating recent anatomical and molecular discoveries to refine the understanding of neuro-immune communication. It highlights the pathological roles of neurotransmitters, cytokines, and their signaling networks in neurodegenerative, psychiatric, and neoplastic diseases, while critically examining contested regulatory mechanisms. The review further evaluates the clinical translational potential and challenges of innovative strategies…

• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China

  Awards: 82501134, 82503313, 82303351, 82503347, 82503334, 82401090