Energy Transfer Characteristics of Surface Vortex Heat Flow Under Non-Isothermal Conditions Based on the Lattice Boltzmann Method

During liquid drainage from intermediate vessels in various industrial processes such as continuous steel casting, aircraft fuel supply, and chemical separation, free-surface vortices commonly occur. The formation and evolution of these vortices not only entrain surface slag and gas, but also lead to deterioration of downstream product quality and abnormal equipment operation. The vortex evolution process exhibits notable three-dimensional unsteadiness, multi-scale turbulence, and dynamic gas–liquid interfacial changes, accompanied by strong coupling effects between temperature gradients and flow field structures. Traditional macroscopic numerical models show clear limitations in accurately capturing these…

• ZU
  Zhejiang University
• ZU
  Zhejiang University of Science and Technology