articleEnvironmental Science & TechnologyJan 22, 2026Closed access

High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry-Based Suspect and Nontarget Screening of Organophosphate/Organofluorophosphate Esters in Spent Ternary Lithium-Ion Power Batteries

Qingdao University · Nanjing Forestry University · +1 more institution

PubMed
Indexed incrossrefpubmed

Abstract

Organophosphate/organofluorophosphate esters (O(F)PEs) in spent lithium-ion power batteries (LIPBs) may pose environmental and occupational health risks. In this study, we conducted suspect and nontarget screening using high-resolution mass spectrometry to characterize O(F)PEs in spent ternary LIPBs. Using diagnostic fragment ions at m/z 98.9837, 78.9587, and 98.9648, etc., we identified 41 O(F)PEs (tri/di/mono-OPEs, cyclic OPEs, OFPEs), including 14 first-reported compounds (confidence level ≥ 3). These compounds were ubiquitously detected across 16 spent ternary LIPB packs, indicating their pervasive occurrence. The predominant compounds–trimethyl phosphate, dimethyl hydrogen phosphate, and…

Citation impact

4
total citations
FWCI
29.60
Percentile
99%
References
71
Too recent for citation history.

Authors

13

Topics & keywords

Keywords
  • Ternary operation
  • Battery (electricity)
  • Suspect
  • Health risk assessment
  • Human health
  • Electrochemistry
  • Ternary complex
  • Risk assessment
No related works found for this paper.

Funding