1,3-and 1,4-linked polysaccharides uptake in intestinal cells relies on clathrin/dynamin 1/Rab5-dependent endocytosis

It is thought that polysaccharides cannot penetrate the intestinal mucosa into the circulatory system due to their high hydrophilicity and large molecular size. However, we show that different linked and charged polysaccharides can penetrate Caco-2 cell monolayers, and find β−1,3-linked glucan and α−1,4-linked glucan is detectable in rats (male) and mice plasma and liver after oral administration the isotope (99mTc, 3H) and fluorescein labeled polysaccharides. Using gene-knockdown strategies and inhibitors, we further show polysaccharide uptake requires clathrin heavy chain (CLTC) and its associated factors Rab5 and dynamin1 in intestinal cells. Strikingly, polysaccharide absorption is attenuated in both CLTC…