articleEnergy & Environmental ScienceJan 1, 2026Closed access

A water-responsive molecule realizes stable Ah-scale Zn–I 2 pouch cells with high Zn utilization

The University of Adelaide · Liaocheng University

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Abstract

Ectoine spontaneously forms dual charge centers in water, enabling polyiodide anchoring, tuning Zn 2+ solvation, and promoting stepwise iodide conversion. Consequently, the Zn–I 2 pouch cell retains 80% capacity after 1060 cycles at ∼65% ZUR.

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