The impact of land use change awareness on the psychological adaptation of migrant communities in Khulna city

Rapid land use and land cover change in coastal Bangladesh has intensified climate-related displacement toward secondary cities, particularly Khulna. Satellite-based evidence from Khulna District shows substantial environmental transformation between 2018 and 2024, including a sharp expansion of built-up land by more than 140 sq. km and a corresponding loss of vegetated and productive landscapes. Tree cover alone declined by over 110 sq. km, while flooded vegetation and rangeland experienced pronounced contraction, signaling the long-term degradation of rural land systems that previously sustained livelihoods. These spatial changes form the structural backdrop for large-scale internal climate migration into…