Overcoming tumor microenvironment barriers: transformable and bioinspired nanomedicine strategies for deep tumor penetration
Dalian Minzu University · The University of Sydney · +2 more institutions
Abstract
Solid tumors pose a spatial "delivery-at-depth" bottleneck: therapeutics that reach tumors often remain sequestered near vessels and fail to distribute uniformly into tumor cores. This limitation arises from heterogeneous perfusion, elevated interstitial fluid pressure, and dense extracellular matrix, which together restrict convection-diffusion balance and amplify binding-site barriers. We organize transformable and bioinspired nanomedicines using a barrier-centric lens and summarize five strategy families to deepen and homogenize intratumoral transport: (i) stimuli-responsive size/charge switching, (ii) microenvironment remodeling to restore perfusion and decompress stroma, (iii) ligand-guided transcytosis…
Citation impact
- FWCI
- 41.32
- Percentile
- 100%
- References
- 134
Authors
7Topics & keywords
- Transcytosis
- Tumor microenvironment
- Nanomedicine
- Extracellular matrix
- Internalization
- Endocytosis
- Immune system