Updated description of cerebral palsy

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a widely used descriptive label for a spectrum of motor impairments caused by non-progressive brain injury or malformation during early development. Recent advances in genetics, inflammation research, and neurophysiology have refined scientific understanding of CP, and studies in diverse global contexts, including low- and middle-income countries, have broadened knowledge of its clinical presentation. Shifting societal perspectives, particularly those informed by individuals with lived experience, have challenged ableist assumptions and promoted conceptual frameworks that are more inclusive. Growing recognition of the lifelong needs of adults with CP has further emphasized the necessity…