A phylogenetic classification of diatoms (Bacillariophyta)

Diatoms are known for their extraordinary species richness, cornerstone roles in aquatic ecosystems, and immense contributions to the global cycling of carbon, oxygen, and silica. For nearly 2 centuries, taxonomic classifications of diatoms have been based on interpretations of their feature-rich, silica cell walls. These classifications, in turn, have been used to make broad inferences about diatom ecology and evolution, but decades of molecular phylogenetic research have shown that historical and contemporary classification systems do not reflect evolutionary history, severely limiting their utility and insights. We took advantage of recent advances in our understanding of the diatom phylogeny to develop the…