Advancements in 3D field-crop phenotyping using point clouds: a comparative review of sensor technology, target traits, and challenges under controlled and field conditions

3D phenotyping refers to the quantitative characterization of a plant's structural and morphological traits in three-dimensional space, allowing for a detailed analysis of plant architecture and growth patterns. In recent years, rapid advancements in non-destructive, high-throughput 3D imaging technologies have enabled the precise measurement of these traits. Initially focused on single-plant traits under controlled conditions, the field has now expanded towards robust applications in real-world field environments, enabling large-scale analyses of plant canopies and complex structures. This study focuses on the recent advancements in 3D crop phenotyping using point cloud technologies. It compares sensor…

• NR
  National Research Foundation
• NR
  National Research Foundation of Korea
• MO
  Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea