preprintOpen MINDFeb 9, 2026GREEN OA

A Tower Series for 137: Dimensional Closure from the Leibniz Sum

University of Southampton

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Abstract

Copy We present a new series representation of the fine structure constant inverse: α⁻¹ ≈ T(3) = π + π² + 4π³ = 137.0363. The series T(D) = Σ(n=1 to D) 2^(2^n) × (π/4)^n is constructed in three layers: the Grandi oscillation (1 − 1 + 1 − 1 + ⋯ = 1/2), the Leibniz sum (1 − 1/3 + 1/5 − ⋯ = π/4), and a Tower of iterated powers through D spatial dimensions. The coefficients (1, 1, 4) are not fitted but follow from the closed form 2^(2^n − 2n), which measures the gap between exponential growth (2^n) and linear growth (2n) in the exponent. The series terminates uniquely at D = 3 — the n = 4 term would contribute 65536(π/4)⁴ ≈ 24937, causing divergence. We establish that the Tower shares its convergence mechanism…

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Topics & keywords

Keywords
  • Tower
  • Series (stratigraphy)
  • Iterated function
  • Closure (psychology)
  • Alternating series
  • Representation (politics)
  • Convergence (economics)
  • Constant (computer programming)
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