articleCritical Reviews in MicrobiologyFeb 9, 2026Closed access

Reprogramming human health through the microbiome and precision medicine

Universidad de Las Américas

PubMed
Indexed incrossrefpubmed

Abstract

The human microbiome, comprising trillions of microorganisms across multiple body sites, is increasingly recognized as a key contributor to host immunity, metabolism, and neurobiology, influencing development and disease susceptibility throughout life. Rather than acting in isolation, microbial communities operate within a complex host-environment system shaped by genetics, diet, lifestyle, and medical exposures. Conceptually, the microbiome can be understood as part of a host-microbe meta-organism and, from a translational perspective, as a dynamic and potentially modifiable organ system. While short-term perturbations such as antibiotics may transiently disrupt microbial ecosystems, persistent maladaptive…

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5
total citations
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45.66
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100%
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143
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Authors

7

Topics & keywords

Keywords
  • Microbiome
  • Precision medicine
  • Human microbiome
  • Reprogramming
  • Context (archaeology)
  • Disease
  • Metagenomics
  • Human health
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