Reinterpreting Gravitational Potential Energy as an Internal Line-Integral Quantity in the 0-Sphere Model

[37 Application] This work presents a systematic reinterpretation of gravitational potential energy within the 0-Sphere model framework, addressing the conceptual circularity inherent in classical position-assigned potentials (pp. 1-2). While classical mechanics and general relativity successfully treat potential energy as an abstract scalar field Φ(𝑥) assigned to spatial coordinates, the 0-Sphere model shifts this ontological primacy to the internal degrees of freedom of matter (pp. 2, 4). Potential energy is described as an accumulated quantity (a line integral) along a particle's worldline, rather than a property of space itself (pp. 1, 4). Key Developments: Resolution of Tautology: The model replaces the…