articleCase Studies in Construction MaterialsFeb 16, 2026GOLD OA

Synergistic optimization of nanosilica sol-calcium aluminate cement composite grout by silica micropowder: Effects on microstructure and sealing performance

Xuzhou University of Technology · Underground Systems (United States) · +1 more institution

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Abstract

This study investigates the influence of silica micropowder, used as a partial replacement for calcium aluminate cement (CAC), on the rheology, early strength, sealing performance, and pore-structure evolution of nanosilica sol-CAC composite grout. Results showed that a significant increase in silica micropowder content delayed the hydration process and postponed the rapid-rise viscosity point, thereby extending the workable time window. An appropriate dosage (10%) enhanced compressive strength by approximately 7%, whereas excessive amounts decreased strength due to insufficient reactive components. Grouting substantially reduced rock-core permeability by more than three orders of magnitude, and the lowest…

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