Intelligent Reflector Metasurface Design for 6G Adaptive Beamforming Using Model‐Level Multi‐Scale Edge Guided Attention Graph Neural Network With Biruni Earth Radius Optimization

ABSTRACT The advancement of sixth‐generation (6G) wireless communication demands intelligent, adaptive solutions to meet the increasing requirements of ultra‐reliable low‐latency communication (URLLC), massive connectivity, and terahertz (THz) data rates. Intelligent Reflecting Metasurfaces (IRMs) have emerged as a revolutionary paradigm that reconfigures the wireless propagation environment by intelligently controlling the behavior of electromagnetic waves. However, traditional beamforming methods face significant challenges in dynamically adapting to complex, time‐varying wireless environments, especially in the presence of high user mobility and signal obstructions. These limitations hinder the efficiency…