Electricity-driven CO 2 and biomass conversion toward formic acid/formate: microenvironment regulation, hydrogen storage potential, and sustainability assessment

From the perspective of microenvironment regulation, this review comprehensively elucidates the engineering of electrocatalytic valorization of CO 2 and biomass, providing valuable insights for the sustainable production of formic acid/formate.

• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China

  Award: 32302418
• GS
  Guizhou Science and Technology Department

  Award: CXPTXM [2025] 012)
• AR
  Australian Research Council

  Awards: LP210200504, LP220100088, DP220100603, LP230200897, FT210100298
• NS
  Natural Science Research Project of Guizhou Provincial Education Office

  Award: [2026]062