Fluorine Mediates the Deprotonation Pathway over Ruthenium Oxide for Stable Water Electrolysis

Ruthenium oxide (RuO2) is a promising alternative anode catalyst to iridium oxide in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE). However, the unsatisfactory stability of RuO2 and the sluggish proton-coupled electron transfer kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) hinder practical application. We report here a fluorine-tuned RuO2 with terminal fluorine (Fter) and bridging fluorine (Fbri) sites that successfully tackles the activity-stability paradox faced by Ru-based catalysts. Comprehensive experimental and theoretical studies reveal an unconventional fluorine-assisted deprotonation mechanism by which the proton transfer is decoupled from the electron transfer during the OER. The Fter acts as…